Nagpur (Maratha. नागपूर) is a city in central India, in the state of Maharashtra. Situated on the Nag River. Nagpur is a rapidly growing metropolis. It is the third most populous city in the state of Maharashtra (after Mumbai and Pune), forming the 13th largest urban agglomeration in India. An important industrial and political center.

Nagpur is the venue for the winter session of the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra. Also in Nagpur is the headquarters of the Indian nationalist organization Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh and the Buddhist revival movement – the Dalit Buddhist Movement.
According to ABP News-Ipsos, Nagpur is India’s top city in terms of quality of life, environmental friendliness, sophistication of public transport and healthcare systems.

Etymology
According to B. R. Ambedkar, the name of the city and the river Nag, which flows through the city, date back to the Nag people. The Nagas were brutally persecuted by the Aryan tribes. Evidence of the persecution of the Nagas is found in the Puranas. These persecutions contributed to the spread of the teachings of the Buddha Shakyamuni among the Nagas. Thanks to the Nagas, Buddhist teachings quickly spread throughout India.
The syllable “pur” in the name of the city means “city” in many Indian languages.

History
The city was founded at the beginning of the 18th century and soon entered the coalition of Maratha principalities, being the capital of a state ruled by rajas from the Maratha Bhonsle dynasty; in 1853 the latter was annexed by the British Empire, and the city became one of the most important centers of colonial India, the capital of the Central Provinces. In the second half of the 19th century, the cotton industry developed in Nagpur; in 1877, the first strike of factory workers in India took place here. From 1950-1956 Nagpur was the capital of the state of Madhya Pradesh.

Physical-geographical characteristic
Nagpur is located on the Deccan Plateau in the geographical center of the Indian subcontinent. The city contains a stone marking the zero kilometer, which was used by the British colonial administration to calculate all distances within the Indian subcontinent.
The average height of the city above sea level is 310.5 m. Geologically, the surface of the city is lined with alluvial deposits of the Kanhan River. In the southern part of the city there are exits to the surface of crystalline metamorphic rocks – gneisses, shales and granite. In the northern part – yellowish sandstones and clays.
There are many natural and artificial lakes in Nagpur. The largest of them is Lake Ambazari. Lakes Sonegaon and Gandhisagar are artificial. The rivers Nag, Pilli Nadi, as well as streams drain the territory of the city.
Nagpur is one of the most environmentally friendly cities in India.

Climate
The climate of Nagpur is a tropical savannah climate (Köppen climate classification). The monsoon season runs from June to September. The summer, which lasts from March to June, is very hot. The hottest month is May. Winter lasts from November to January. During the winter, temperatures rarely drop below 10°C.

Economy
Nagpur is one of the main centers of the Indian cotton industry (cotton ginning, cotton spinning and cotton weaving). Due to the favorable economic and geographical position, trade is developed. Mechanical engineering (production of refrigerators, etc.), glass, ceramics, paper and printing industry. Various crafts (handicraft production of silk fabrics is especially developed, gold and silver threads are widely used). In the vicinity of the city – the extraction of manganese ores, the cultivation of oranges.

Sights
The city has a university (founded in 1923), an archaeological museum, and a zoo. The main architectural and historical attraction is the Sitabaldi Fort (built in 1818, includes a memorial to the anti-British movement in India). Near the city is Lake Ambazari, a resting place for the Nagpur people.