Gwalior, Gwaliyar (Hindi ग्वालियर, Gwalior; English Gwalior) is the fourth largest city in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is located 122 km south of Agra at the intersection of railways and consists of three historical centers – Gwalior itself, Lashkar and Morara. Population – 1,101,981 (2011).
Gwalior played a prominent role in the history of North India as the political center of the historical region of Malwa. Actually, Gwalior was originally called the fortress, picturesquely located on the flat top of a 90-meter cliff. The existence of this fortress at the crossroads of the most important trade routes has been known since the 6th century.

Six palaces, six temples, a mosque, eight pools and the rarest monuments of Indian architecture of the 11th century have been preserved under the protective canopy of imposing walls. Near the walls of the fortress in the 15th century, giant Jain statues were carved into the rock, reaching 18 meters in height.

6 km south of the Gwalior fortress is the city of Lashkar, which since 1810 served as the residence of the Maratha princely dynasty of Sindhia. The ancestor of this dynasty in 1745 broke away from the Maratha confederation and created the vast Gwalior principality. The possessions of his grandson Mahadaji (reigned 1761-94) covered a significant part of northern India from Delhi to Jaipur.

During the Anglo-Maratha wars of 1803 and 1818. Gwalior rulers lost part of their lands. In 1780 and 1843 British soldiers stormed the Gwalior fortress itself. During the uprising of the sepoys, the raja remained loyal to the British crown, but his soldiers rebelled. English formations again occupied the fortress, however, by agreement with the Raja, in 1886 they were redeployed to Jhansi.

Climate
The climate of Gwalior is humid subtropical (according to the Köppen climate classification). Summer lasts from March to early June, monsoon season – from late June to early October, cool dry winter lasts from early November to late February. The absolute maximum temperature is 48 °C, the absolute minimum is -1 °C.
The best time to visit the city is from late October to early March.