Cox’s Bazar or Cox’s Bazar is a city in Bangladesh, the center of the district of the same name. It was named after the British colonial official H. Cox. It has a second, rarely used, name Panova (eng. Panowa).
An important sea fishing port on the coast of the Bay of Bengal. The city has become quite famous due to the beaches located in its vicinity, which attract a large number of tourists, including foreign ones.

Climate
The climate of Cox’s Bazar is generally the same as in the rest of Bangladesh – tropical monsoonal, with two seasons: rainy from May to October and dry from November to April.

History
Since the 9th century, the territory on which the city subsequently arose was ruled by the rulers of the Burmese state of Arakan. In the Middle Ages and modern times, there were several settlements here. In 1666, as a result of the campaign of the army of the Great Mogul, the area came under the authority of the Mughal Empire. It is believed that Shah Shuja, one of the sons of Emperor Shah Jahan, founded a settlement called Dulahazara (literally, a thousand palanquins) on the site of the current Cox’s Bazar. Indeed, in the city to this day there is such a place.
In the second half of the 18th century, this territory came under the control of the English East India Company, and, accordingly, later became part of British India. In the 1790s, a large refugee camp from Arakan appeared here, rushing here because of the wars between Arakan and other Burmese states. Hiram Cox, captain of the East India Company, was appointed administrator of the camp in 1794, after whom the large bazaar that arose on the site of the camp was named. Then the name passed to the city that arose here. Cox’s Bazar became a separate municipality in 1869.

Prior to World War II, the majority of Cox’s Bazar’s population was made up of Arakanese Burmese, who began to return to Burma in large numbers due to the destruction caused to the city as a result of Japanese bombing. The exodus of the Burmese population continued after the independence of British India in 1947.
After the collapse of British India into India and Pakistan, the city became part of East Pakistan. During the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, the Cox’s Bazar area was a theater quite intense fighting. Aircraft of the Indian aircraft carrier Vikrant attacked military facilities in the city area, Indian ships also fired artillery at them. The Indian Navy made an attempt to land at Cox’s Bazar (one infantry battalion), thwarted by Pakistani forces; Indians lost only 3 people. killed, but refused to disembark. After the creation of the independent state of Bangladesh as a result of the war, Cox’s Bazar became part of this country.
The year 1991 turned out to be disastrous for the city – in April of this year, the strongest typhoon claimed the lives of about 140 thousand Bangladeshis, of which 70% fell on Cox’s Bazar and its environs.

Economy
The tourism industry generates most of the city’s income. Cox’s Bazar is called the tourist capital of Bangladesh. Efforts to develop the tourism business are bringing some positive results (in 2002, the first five-star hotel in the area opened in the Cox’s Bazar area), but so far Cox’s Bazar has not become widely popular among foreigners, although the number of foreign tourists is growing. The country’s government and business circles are making efforts to build new high-quality world-class hotels.

The traditional industry of Cox’s Bazar is fishing. As part of the work to intensify and modernize fisheries, in 1991, a branch of the Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute was opened in Cox’s Bazar. The industry is represented by fish processing and fishing port maintenance enterprises. However, fishing and seafood production to this day is largely artisanal. Cox’s Bazar is also home to one of the very few seafood (shrimp) farms in Bangladesh, including for export.
One of the bases of the Bangladesh Navy is located in Cox’s Bazar.

Sights
Cox’s Bazar is best known for its superb beaches, with a total length of up to 125 km – it is the longest natural beach in the world (in 2009, the beaches were shortlisted for the Seven New Wonders of Nature competition). The beaches of Cox’s Bazar are an extremely popular holiday destination for Bangladeshis, but foreign tourism is still very poorly developed – primarily due to undeveloped infrastructure, also due to religious restrictions – women are not recommended to be there naked, in bathing suits.
Tourists are also attracted by the Dulhazar safari park located 50 km from Cox’s Bazar.

The outskirts of the city are notable for the area of ​​compact residence of Buddhists Ramu, starting already 10 km from the city. There are many Buddhist temples built for the religious needs of the Burmese who lived here. These temples are still actively visited by Bangladeshi Buddhists, who live compactly in several regions of the southeast of the country. The appearance of the city also retained noticeable Burmese features.

Events
In November – December 2012, Cox’s Bazar became the venue for the VIII Asia-Pacific Astronomy Olympiad.