Kagan (Uzb. Kogon, Kogon; until 1935 – New Bukhara) – a city (since 1929) in the Bukhara region of Uzbekistan, the administrative center of the Kagan region. Kogon or kagan is translated from Turkic as a ruler. After the conquest of the Russian Empire in 1888, Kogon was founded as a Russian settlement “New Bukhara” at the Trans-Caspian railway. The city has a railway station Bukhara-1, serving the city of Bukhara, located 12 km from Kagan. There are also fat-and-oil and cotton-cleaning plants.

History
The Russian Empire sought to quickly connect new lands with the center of the empire through modern trade routes. The most perfect solution to this problem was the construction of railways. The city of Kagan was originally planned as a New Bukhara settlement for railway workers. Built in 1888, 12 kilometers from Bukhara to serve stations and tracks on the Trans-Caspian railway, the village eventually became a kind of embassy city. In those days, land plots for the construction of residential buildings were sold from the Bukhara government, at a price of about 50 kopecks. (three Bukhara tenges) per square sazhen. In addition to residential buildings of railway employees, it houses a special institution that manages diplomatic relations between the Russian Empire and the Emirate of Bukhara.
In 1890 there were already several transport offices, several shops and shops, a post and telegraph office; In 1892, an Orthodox church arose, a parish school was opened, and a world court was established; In 1894, a branch of the state bank was opened and then a customs office. In 1895, on August 14, by order of Emir Abdul-Akhadkhan, the construction of a new palace began in connection with the expected arrival of the Russian emperor in Turkestan. The palace was designed by Alexey Leontyevich Benois. Under the guidance of engineer Dubrovin, the construction was completed in 1898. The palace was built by Bukhara and Russian masters.
In 1910, the Kagansky butter factory began its activity.
During the years of the establishment of Soviet power in Central Asia and Turkestan, Kagan finds himself in the center of turbulent revolutionary events. The commander of the Turkestan Front, M. V. Frunze, attached great importance to the units of the Kagan garrison in the operation to liquidate the Bukhara Emirate. They were entrusted with the capture of Bukhara, where the main enemy forces were concentrated. The Kagan group goes on the offensive on August 29, 1920 and performs the task.

The village, located in the Kagan area, located at an altitude of 235 m above sea level, soon becomes a European-type town. Since 1935, New Bukhara has been called Kagan.
On May 23, 1961, by order of the leadership of the Main Directorate of the Gas Industry under the Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 123, the Directorate of the Bukhara-Ural gas pipeline was organized in the city.
In Soviet times, a separate helicopter regiment (OVP) was based in Kagan. The history of the Kagan air garrison began in 1958, when an air regiment of Li-2 transport aircraft from Transbaikalia was relocated to Kagan. In the same year, the personnel of the regiment was retrained for Mi-4 helicopters and began to be called 280 ORP. In 1973, in the Kagan Helicopter Regiment, retraining of flight personnel for piloting Mi-8T helicopters began. In the early seventies, the Cosmonaut Training Center conducted experiments on survival in the desert in the sands of the Kyzylkum desert. A technique and practice of survival in extreme conditions was developed. In mid-July 1978, the Cosmonaut Training Center conducted the first training in the desert near Bukhara. From the Khanabad airfield, the cosmonauts were delivered to the city of Kagan by Mi-6 helicopter of the Kagan Helicopter Regiment. Forty kilometers from Kagan in the sands there is a place called “Saidak Well”. This is where the team that conducted the experiments was located. In 1978, a group of young cosmonauts who were on training in Kagan was led by cosmonaut Vasily Lazarev. During the entry of a limited contingent of Soviet troops into Afghanistan, helicopters of the Kagansky 280 OVP ensured the transfer of the airborne regiment. Since August 1979 (even before the entry of Soviet troops into the DRA), the 4th helicopter squadron of the 280th ORP was located at the Bagram airbase. This squadron was supposed to provide for the work of Soviet military advisers who were in Afghanistan. Lieutenant Colonel A. Belov took direct command of the squadron.

By the spring of 1980, the situation in the DRA had not stabilized and a decision was made to additionally saturate the 40th Army with helicopter units. April 11, 1980 280 ORP in full force was redeployed to the airfield Kandahar. Together with the regiment, 475 OBATO was introduced. In 1981, the replacement personnel of the 280th ARP returned to the Kagan airfield, where the process of forming the 162nd separate transport and combat helicopter regiment was begun. 162 OTBVP had to solve a very important task of training crews preparing to be sent to the war in Afghanistan. For this, a special program “Relay Race” was developed. One of the stages of the “Relay” was already held at the airfields of Central Asia, in Chirchik and Kagan. Here the crews flew in geographical and climatic conditions as close as possible to those of Afghanistan. On the basis of two regiments – Kagan and Chirchik – a center for the training of flight personnel was organized. Pilots from different regions and military districts arrived in the regiment to undergo mountain-desert training. Such preparation was essential. Since 1988, equipment has been withdrawn from the territory of the Republic of Afghanistan to the Kagan airbase. The need for the Flight Personnel Training Center disappeared, and, according to official data, on December 29, 1988, 162 TBVP ceased to exist. Until July 1990, helicopter units from Afghanistan were withdrawn to the Kagan airfield for disbandment. At the beginning of July 1990, the 396th Separate Volgograd Order of the Red Star Separate Guards Helicopter Regiment withdrawn from Hungary (Kolocha) was stationed on a permanent basis in Kagan. In 1991, some episodes of the film “To Survive” with the participation of V. Menshov and A. Rosenbaum were filmed at the airfield. After the collapse of the USSR, the regiment was transferred to the Armed Forces of Uzbekistan.
September 22, 2011 the opening of the enterprise for the production of KNAUF-sheets “KNAUF GIPS Bukhara”.

Interesting facts
In 1902, the first Tatar school in Central Asia was opened in New Bukhara.
The only log house in the Emirate of Bukhara was built in New Bukhara (Kagan).
At the beginning of the 20th century, a narrow-gauge railway was built between Bukhara and New Bukhara (Kagan) with funds allocated by the Emir of Bukhara. The road was demolished approximately in 1922. In its direction, a broad gauge railway line was built.
In 1922, the Kagan railway station was given the name Bukhara I, and the dead-end station, located directly in the city of Bukhara, became known as Bukhara II. Between stations Bukhara I and Bukhara II until the 1960s, a suburban train ran, which had the popular name “Bukharka”. Since the 1960s, this section has had only freight traffic (passenger traffic revived briefly in 1994).
40 kilometers from Kagan is the Kagan group of gas fields, which consists of four gas fields: Sary-Tash, Karaul-Bazar, Dzharkak and Setalan-Tepe.
In 1990, the construction of the Bukhara-Kagan intercity trolleybus line began, but later the construction was mothballed.